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Act II, Scene 5
Olivia's Garden

Scene Summary

The scene opens with Malvolio's letter from the dark room where he's been imprisoned, protesting his treatment and insisting on his sanity. Olivia, upon hearing the letter, dismisses it as "midsummer madness" and orders that Malvolio be cared for, believing him truly mad. Meanwhile, Sir Andrew presents his challenge letter to Cesario, which Sir Toby reads aloud—revealing it to be comically inept and legally harmless.

Sir Toby decides not to deliver Andrew's ridiculous letter, instead planning to orchestrate the duel through verbal messages that will terrify both cowardly participants. When Olivia meets privately with Cesario, she makes one final desperate plea for love, offering him a jewel with her picture and begging him to return. Cesario again redirects her toward Orsino, causing Olivia to lament the impossible situation.

The scene concludes with Sir Toby's elaborate deception, as he convinces the terrified Cesario that Andrew is a deadly duelist thirsting for blood. Fabian joins the ruse, painting Andrew as a lethal opponent, while Cesario—who knows she cannot fight as a woman—desperately seeks a way to avoid the confrontation without revealing her true identity.

Translation Style
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✨ Character Voice Translations PREMIUM
Original Text
MALVOLIO [Reading] 'By the Lord, madam, you wrong me, and the world shall know it: though you have put me into darkness and given your drunken cousin rule over me, yet have I the benefit of my senses as well as your ladyship. I have your own letter that induced me to the semblance I put on; with the which I doubt not but to justify myself unto you. Think of me as you please. I leave my duty a little unthought of and speak out of my injury. The madly-used Malvolio.' [Enter FABIAN, SIR TOBY, and MARIA] OLIVIA Did he write this? MARIA Ay, madam. OLIVIA This is a very midsummer madness. [Enter Servant] SERVANT Madam, the young gentleman of the Count Orsino's is returned: I could hardly entreat him back: he attends your ladyship's pleasure. OLIVIA I'll come to him. [Exit Servant] Good Maria, let this fellow be looked to. Where's my cousin Toby? Let some of my people have a special care of him: I would not have him miscarry for the half of my dowry. [Exeunt OLIVIA and MARIA] SIR TOBY Come, we'll have him in a dark room and bound. My niece is already in the belief that he's mad: we may carry it thus, for our pleasure and his penance, till our very pastime, tired out of breath, prompt us to have mercy on him: at which time we will bring the device to the bar and crown thee for a finder of madmen. But see, but see. [Enter SIR ANDREW] FABIAN More matter for a May morning. SIR ANDREW Here's the challenge, read it: warrant there's vinegar and pepper in't. FABIAN Is't so saucy? SIR ANDREW Ay, is't, I warrant him: do but read. SIR TOBY [Reads] 'Youth, whatsoever thou art, thou art but a scurvy fellow.' FABIAN Good, and valiant. SIR TOBY [Reads] 'Wonder not, nor admire not in thy mind, why I do call thee so, for I will show thee no reason for't.' FABIAN A good note; that keeps you from the blow of the law. SIR TOBY [Reads] 'Thou comest to the lady Olivia, and in my sight she uses thee kindly: but thou liest in thy throat; that is not the matter I challenge thee for.' FABIAN Very brief, and to exceeding good sense--less. SIR TOBY [Reads] 'I will waylay thee going home; where if it be thy chance to kill me,--' FABIAN Good. SIR TOBY [Reads] '--thou killest me like a rogue and a villain.' FABIAN Still you keep o' the windy side of the law: good. SIR TOBY [Reads] 'Fare thee well; and God have mercy upon one of our souls! He may have mercy upon mine; but my hope is better, and so look to thyself. Thy friend, as thou usest him, and thy sworn enemy, Andrew Aguecheek.' If this letter move him not, his legs cannot: I'll give't him. MARIA You may have very fit occasion for't: he is now in some commerce with my lady, and will by and by depart. SIR TOBY Go, Sir Andrew: scout me for him at the corner of the orchard like a bum-baily: so soon as ever thou seest him, draw; and, as thou drawest, swear horribly; for it comes to pass oft that a terrible oath, with a swaggering accent sharply twanged off, gives manhood more approbation than ever proof itself would have earned him. Away! SIR ANDREW Nay, let me alone for swearing. [Exit] SIR TOBY Now will not I deliver his letter: for the behaviour of the young gentleman gives him out to be of good capacity and breeding; his employment between his lord and my niece confirms no less: therefore this letter, being so excellently ignorant, will breed no terror in the youth: he will find it comes from a clodpole. But, sir, I will deliver his challenge by word of mouth; set upon Aguecheek a notable report of valour; and drive the gentleman, as I know his youth will aptly receive it, into a most hideous opinion of his rage, skill, fury and impetuosity. This will so fright them both that they will kill one another by the look, like cockatrices. [Re-enter OLIVIA, with VIOLA] FABIAN Here he comes with your niece: give them way till he take leave, and presently after him. SIR TOBY I will meditate the while upon some horrid message for a challenge. [Exeunt SIR TOBY, FABIAN, and MARIA] OLIVIA I have said too much unto a heart of stone And laid mine honour too unchary out: There's something in me that reproves my fault; But such a headstrong potent fault it is, That it but mocks reproof. VIOLA With the same 'havior that your passion bears Goes on my master's grief. OLIVIA Here, wear this jewel for me, 'tis my picture; Refuse it not; it hath no tongue to vex you; And I beseech you come again to-morrow. What shall you ask of me that I'll deny, That honour saved may upon asking give? VIOLA Nothing but this; your true love for my master. OLIVIA How with mine honour may I give him that Which I have given to you? VIOLA I will acquit you. OLIVIA Well, come again to-morrow: fare thee well: A fiend like thee might bear my soul to hell. [Exit] [Re-enter SIR TOBY and FABIAN] SIR TOBY Gentleman, God save thee. VIOLA And you, sir. SIR TOBY That defence thou hast, betake thee to't: of what nature the wrongs are thou hast done him, I know not; but thy intercepter, full of despite, bloody as the hunter, attends thee at the orchard-end: dismount thy tuck, be yare in thy preparation, for thy assailant is quick, skilful and deadly. VIOLA You mistake, sir; I am sure no man hath any quarrel to me: my remembrance is very free and clear from any image of offence done to any man. SIR TOBY You'll find it otherwise, I assure you: therefore, if you hold your life at any price, betake you to your guard; for your opposite hath in him what youth, strength, skill and wrath can furnish man withal. VIOLA I pray you, sir, what is he? SIR TOBY He is knight, dubbed with unhatched rapier and on carpet consideration; but he is a devil in private brawl: souls and bodies hath he divorced three; and his incensement at this moment is so implacable, that satisfaction can be none but by pangs of death and sepulchre. Hob, nob, is his word; give't or take't. VIOLA I will return again into the house and desire some conduct of the lady. I am no fighter. I have heard of some kind of men that put quarrels purposely on others, to taste their valour: belike this is a man of that quirk. SIR TOBY Sir, no; his indignation derives itself out of a very competent injury: therefore, get you on and give him his desire. Back you shall not to the house, unless you undertake that with me which with as much safety you might answer him: therefore, on, or strip your sword stark naked; for meddle you must, that's certain, or forswear to wear iron about you. VIOLA This is as uncivil as strange. I beseech you, do me this courteous office, as to know of the knight what my offence to him is: it is something of my negligence, nothing of my purpose. SIR TOBY I will do so. Signior Fabian, stay you by this gentleman till my return. [Exit] VIOLA Pray you, sir, do you know of this matter? FABIAN I know the knight is incensed against you, even to a mortal arbitrement; but nothing of the circumstance more. VIOLA I beseech you, what manner of man is he? FABIAN Nothing of that wonderful promise, to read him by his form, as you are like to find him in the proof of his valour. He is, indeed, sir, the most skilful, bloody and fatal opposite that you could possibly have found in any part of Illyria. Will you walk towards him? I will make your peace with him if I can. VIOLA I shall be much bound to you for't: I am one that had rather go with sir priest than sir knight: I care not who knows so much of my mettle. [Exeunt]
Modern English

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This scene masterfully weaves together the aftermath of the letter trick with the setup for the mock duel, demonstrating Shakespeare's skill at maintaining multiple plot threads while building toward comedic climax. The opening with Malvolio's letter provides dramatic irony—the audience knows he's actually sane and justified in his complaints, yet his imprisonment continues because the truth has become irrelevant to the other characters' entertainment.Olivia's response to the letter as "midsummer madness" reveals how completely the deception has succeeded. Her genuine concern for Malvolio's welfare, contrasted with Sir Toby's callous plan to continue the torment "for our pleasure and his penance," highlights the moral complexity of the comedy. The humor has crossed into cruelty, yet the audience remains complicit through laughter.The challenge letter sequence showcases Shakespeare's talent for comedy through character. Sir Andrew's letter is a masterpiece of incompetent bravado—simultaneously threatening and legally harmless, as Fabian notes it keeps him "from the blow of the law." Sir Toby's decision to abandon the written challenge for verbal manipulation demonstrates his superior wit and his role as the play's primary architect of chaos.The private scene between Olivia and Cesario provides emotional depth amid the comedy. Olivia's acknowledgment that her love is "a headstrong...

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"This is a very midsummer madness." — Olivia (2.5)

"Youth, whatsoever thou art, thou art but a scurvy fellow." — Sir Andrew's Letter (2.5)

"Still you keep o' the windy side of the law: good." — Fabian (2.5)

"I have said too much unto a heart of stone / And laid mine honour too unchary out" — Olivia (2.5)

"A fiend like thee might bear my soul to hell." — Olivia (2.5)

"He is a devil in private brawl: souls and bodies hath he divorced three" — Sir Toby (2.5)

"I am one that had rather go with sir priest than sir knight" — Viola (2.5)

"This will so fright them both that they will kill one another by the look, like cockatrices." — Sir Toby (2.5)

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Mr. Shifflett's Note
Mr. Shifflett
Mr. Shifflett
English Teacher · Seoul International School
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