Romeo & Juliet Study Guide
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Act II, Scene 3
Friar Lawrence's cell

Scene Summary

Early morning. Friar Lawrence gathers herbs and muses on the dual nature of plants — healing and poisonous. Romeo arrives and tells the Friar he loves Juliet Capulet and wants to marry her today. The Friar is shocked by Romeo's fickleness but agrees, hoping the marriage might reconcile the feuding families.

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✨ Character Voice Translations PREMIUM
Original Text
FRIAR LAWRENCE. The grey-eyed morn smiles on the frowning night, Checkering the eastern clouds with streaks of light; And flecked darkness like a drunkard reels From forth day's path and Titan's fiery wheels. Now, ere the sun advance his burning eye The day to cheer and night's dank dew to dry, I must upfill this osier cage of ours With baleful weeds and precious-juiced flowers. The earth, that's nature's mother, is her tomb. What is her burying grave, that is her womb. And from her womb children of divers kind We sucking on her natural bosom find, Many for many virtues excellent, None but for some, and yet all different. O, mickle is the powerful grace that lies In plants, herbs, stones, and their true qualities. For naught so vile that on the earth doth live But to the earth some special good doth give; Nor aught so good but, strained from that fair use, Revolts from true birth, stumbling on abuse. Virtue itself turns vice, being misapplied, And vice sometime's by action dignified. Within the infant rind of this weak flower Poison hath residence and medicine power; For this, being smelt, with that part cheers each part; Being tasted, slays all senses with the heart. Two such opposed kings encamp them still In man as well as herbs — grace and rude will; And where the worser is predominant, Full soon the canker death eats up that plant. [Enter ROMEO.] ROMEO. Good morrow, Father. FRIAR LAWRENCE. Benedicite. What early tongue so sweet saluteth me? Young son, it argues a distempered head So soon to bid good morrow to thy bed. Care keeps his watch in every old man's eye, And where care lodges, sleep will never lie; But where unbruised youth with unstuffed brain Doth couch his limbs, there golden sleep doth reign. Therefore thy earliness doth me assure Thou art uproused with some distemperature. Or if not so, then here I hit it right — Our Romeo hath not been in bed tonight. ROMEO. That last is true. The sweeter rest was mine. FRIAR LAWRENCE. God pardon sin! Wast thou with Rosaline? ROMEO. With Rosaline, my ghostly Father? No. I have forgot that name and that name's woe. FRIAR LAWRENCE. That's my good son. But where hast thou been then? ROMEO. I'll tell thee ere thou ask it me again. I have been feasting with mine enemy, Where on a sudden one hath wounded me That's by me wounded. Both our remedies Within thy help and holy physic lies. I bear no hatred, blessed man, for, lo, My intercession likewise steads my foe. FRIAR LAWRENCE. Be plain, good son, and homely in thy drift. Riddling confession finds but riddling shrift. ROMEO. Then plainly know my heart's dear love is set On the fair daughter of rich Capulet. As mine on hers, so hers is set on mine, And all combined, save what thou must combine By holy marriage. When and where and how We met, we wooed, and made exchange of vow I'll tell thee as we pass. But this I pray, That thou consent to marry us today. FRIAR LAWRENCE. Holy Saint Francis, what a change is here! Is Rosaline, that thou didst love so dear, So soon forsaken? Young men's love then lies Not truly in their hearts, but in their eyes. Jesu Maria, what a deal of brine Hath washed thy sallow cheeks for Rosaline! How much salt water thrown away in waste To season love, that of it doth not taste! The sun not yet thy sighs from heaven clears, Thy old groans yet ring in mine ancient ears. Lo, here upon thy cheek the stain doth sit Of an old tear that is not washed off yet. If e'er thou wast thyself, and these woes thine, Thou and these woes were all for Rosaline. And art thou changed? Pronounce this sentence then: Women may fall when there's no strength in men. ROMEO. Thou chidst me oft for loving Rosaline. FRIAR LAWRENCE. For doting, not for loving, pupil mine. ROMEO. And badst me bury love. FRIAR LAWRENCE. Not in a grave To lay one in, another out to have. ROMEO. I pray thee, chide me not. Her I love now Doth grace for grace and love for love allow. The other did not so. FRIAR LAWRENCE. O, she knew well Thy love did read by rote, that could not spell. But come, young waverer, come, go with me. In one respect I'll thy assistant be, For this alliance may so happy prove To turn your households' rancor to pure love. ROMEO. O, let us hence. I stand on sudden haste. FRIAR LAWRENCE. Wisely and slow. They stumble that run fast. [Exeunt.]
Modern English

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Friar Lawrence's opening soliloquy is the play's philosophical center. His meditation on herbs — "Within the infant rind of this weak flower / Poison hath residence and medicine power" — is a microcosm of the entire play. Love, like these herbs, contains both medicine and poison. The same substance that heals can kill. This exact principle will drive the plot to its conclusion."Two such opposed kings encamp them still / In man as well as herbs — grace and rude will" articulates the play's deepest theme: every person, every force, every institution contains opposing potentials. The feud is both honorable and destructive. Love is both redemptive and fatal. The Friar's own plan will be both brilliant and disastrous.The Friar's rebuke of Romeo — "Young men's love then lies / Not truly in their hearts, but in their eyes" — voices legitimate skepticism about Romeo's capacity for genuine love. Is this new passion any different from Rosaline? Shakespeare never fully answers this question, which gives the play its tragic ambiguity.The Friar's decision to marry them — "For this alliance may so happy prove / To turn your households' rancor to pure love" — reveals his fatal flaw: he is a schemer...

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Themes
Duality Nature Poison and Medicine Haste Love Religious Authority Reconciliation
Literary Devices
Soliloquy Extended Metaphor Foreshadowing Irony Proverb Couplet Personification
Characters
Friar Lawrence Romeo
Motifs
Poison and Medicine Haste Plants and Nature Dawn
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